For more of the latest Kurdish news, see these sources:
ANF English https://anfenglishmobile.com/
Hawar News https://hawarnews.com/en/
CHRI https://www.iranhumanrights.org/
Iran Human Rights https://iranhr.net/en/
Kurdistan Press Agency https://kurdpa.net/en
Kurdistan24 https://www.kurdistan24.net/en
Rudaw https://www.rudaw.net/english
Al-Monitor https://www.al-monitor.com
KHRN http://kurdistanhumanrights.org/en
KMMK https://kmmk-ge.org/
Hengaw https://hengaw.net/en
Esta https://esta.krd/en
Heyva Sor launches campaign “East Kurdistan is Not Alone”
https://www.heyvasor.com/en/rojhilat-kampanya/
NEWS
1. Javanrud; Burhan Eliasi has been killed by the repressive forces
2. Iran top court accepts protester’s appeal against death sentence
3. Security forces fire on mourners in Kurdish town in western Iran
4. Iran court sentences Kurdish writer to over five years in jail
5. information is available on the fate of Kurdish activist Shahram Farhadi
6. ‘Jin, Jiyan, Azadi’ uprising continues in Iran and East Kurdistan
7. Demonstration for Belgian held in Iran calls for his release
8. The death sentence of Shakir Behrouz, a Kurdish political prisoner from Urmia, was reversed by the first branch of the Iranian Supreme Court
9. General strike in Iran and East Kurdistan
10. Four IRGC members killed in southeast Iran – IRNA
11. Iran judiciary urges swift carrying out of sentences
12. Activists from Rojhilat detained in Turkey at risk of deportation
13. Ilam; Sonia Sharifi is the first child sentenced to “enmity against God” in the recent protests
14. Iran removed from UN women’s rights body after US push
15. Jailed Iranian director receives award from Vienna Film Festival
16. IRGC intelligence continues to detain five Yarsani activists in Kermanshah
17. Iran carries out second execution over protests: Judiciary
18. Outrage as Iran carries out first hanging over protests
19. 500+ Executions in 2022 in Iran; 4 Men Executed for “Collaborating with Israel”
20. Iranian-Kurdish player transfers to Dalkurd
21. Iran Human Rights Warns of Imminent Risk of Protester Executions/ At Least 3 Children Facing Death Penalty Charges
22. PUK President conveys concerns to Iranian Ambassador over recent IRGC bombings
OPINION, COMMENTARY, ANALYSIS
1. 2022 in review: Iran’s Khamenei faces unprecedented challenge with protests, economic woes
2. What’s behind Ahmadinejad’s awkward silence on Iran’s protests?
3. Recommendations: Congress Can Play a Vital Role in Supporting the Protesters in Iran
4. HRW: Iranian forces used excessive and unlawful lethal force against protesters in Sanandaj
5. Iran: Death Sentences and Imprisonment Used to Crush Dissent in Film and Theatre Industries
6. Sonja Karimi speaks at Emergency Parliamentary Meeting to discuss attacks on Kurds in Syria and Iran
7. Joint Statement: ECOSOC Members must remove Iran from the Commission on the Status of Women
8. Family feuds among Iraq’s Kurdish leaders embolden Iran
9. Women join protests in Iran’s conservative southeast
10. Who are the Iranian-Kurdish rebels in northern Iraq?
11. ‘It’s not over’: Iranian Kurds in Iraq in Tehran’s crosshairs
REPORTS
1. Human Rights volations in Iranian Kurdistan in December 2022
2. Hengaw Organization annual report on Human Rights Violations in Iranian Kurdistan – 2022
3. Exclusive report from Hengaw on the identification of 202 Kurdish women detained during the popular resistance
4. At Least 100 Protesters Facing Execution, Death Penalty Charges or Sentences; 476 Protesters Killed
5. ‘The murder of Kurds in Paris is not the problem of the Kurdish community alone’
6. Women killed by the Iranian regime commemorated in Berlin
7. Report: Targeted and Rare Crackdown of Human Rights Defenders in Iran Protests
8. An exclusive report by Hengaw about the abduction of 130 children in Kurdistan’s cities by authorities
———————
NEWS
1. Javanrud; Burhan Eliasi has been killed by the repressive forces
31 December 2022 | Kurdpa
Today, Saturday, December 31st, a protester named “Burhan Eliasi”, son of Yasin, died during the protests in Javanrud due to the firing of the repressive forces. This 22-year-old protester died as a result of being shot by a war bullet during the protests and his body was buried in the “Hasan Gair” cemetery of Javanrud with the large presence of people.
https://kurdpa.net/en/news/2022/12/1
2. Iran top court accepts protester’s appeal against death sentence
31 December 2022 | Esta
Noor Mohammadzadeh, 25, was arrested on Oct. 4 and sentenced to death two months later on a charge of “waging war against God” for allegedly trying to break a highway guardrail in Tehran and setting fire to a bin during anti-government demonstrations.
https://esta.krd/en/217938/
3. Security forces fire on mourners in Kurdish town in western Iran
31 December 2022 | Rudaw
Thousands of Kurdish protesters and mourners shouted death to the dictator in the town of Javanrud in western Iran on Saturday as security forces tried to prevent them from visiting a cemetery and fired on them, wounding several.
https://www.rudaw.net/english/middleeast/iran/31122022
4. Iran court sentences Kurdish writer to over five years in jail
30 December 2022 | KHRN
Kurdish writer Mozhgan Kavousi has been sentenced to over five years in jail in Iran for charges that include alleged actions to “disrupt national security”.
Iran court sentences Kurdish writer to over five years in jail
5. information is available on the fate of Kurdish activist Shahram Farhadi
30 December 2022 | Hengaw
While more than a month has passed since the arrest of Shahram Farhadi, a civil rights activist and former political prisoner from Sanandaj, there is no information about his current condition.
https://hengaw.net/en/news/2022/12/no-information-is-available-on-the-fate-of-kurdish-activist-shahram-farhadi
6. ‘Jin, Jiyan, Azadi’ uprising continues in Iran and East Kurdistan
29 December 2022 | ANF
Rage against the Iranian regime is increasing gradually as protestors mourn for people who have been killed by the regime forces since the protests first erupted after the murder of 22-year-old Kurdish woman Jina Mahsa Amini in the custody of the so-called morality police 100 days ago.
https://anfenglishmobile.com/news/jin-jiyan-azadi-uprising-continues-in-iran-and-east-kurdistan-64591
7. Demonstration for Belgian held in Iran calls for his release
26 December 2022 | Rudaw
Supporters of a Belgian aid worker being held in Iran staged a Christmas Day protest in Brussels to demand his immediate release, with a spokesman questioning why a prisoner swap treaty was stalled. Around 50 people took part in the demonstration under constant rain in the centre of the Belgian capital, brandishing pictures of the aid worker, Olivier Vandecasteele.
https://www.rudaw.net/english/world/26122022
8. The death sentence of Shakir Behrouz, a Kurdish political prisoner from Urmia, was reversed by the first branch of the Iranian Supreme Court
26 December 2022 | Hengaw
According to the report received by the Hengaw organization for human rights, last week, after acceptance of the appeal of Shakir Behrouz, a Kurdish political prisoner from Urmia, his death sentence was reversed by the first branch of the Iranian Supreme Court and referred to the court of appeals for consideration.
https://hengaw.net/en/news/2022/12/the-death-sentence-of-shakir-behrouz-a-kurdish-political-prisoner-was-reversed-by-the-first-branch-of-the-iranian-supreme-court
9. General strike in Iran and East Kurdistan
20 December 2022 | ANF
The nation-wide popular movement continues with street protests and strikes across Iran and East Kurdistan. The ongoing protests have so far spread over at least 280 cities, according to the opposition.
A three-day strike was launched on December 19, which marked the 94th day of the revolt known as the “Jin, Jiyan, Azadi” (Woman, Life, Freedom) uprising.
https://anfenglishmobile.com/news/general-strike-in-iran-and-east-kurdistan-64419
10. Four IRGC members killed in southeast Iran – IRNA
19 December 2022 | Esta
Four members of Iran’s Revolutionary Guards were killed in the southeast of the country, the official IRNA news agency reported on Monday. The killers fled to neighboring Pakistan after coming under fire…, while giving no further details about the incident in the Saravan area of Sistan-Baluchistan province.
https://esta.krd/en/215152/
11. Iran judiciary urges swift carrying out of sentences
19 December 2022 | Al-Monitor
Iran’s judiciary rejected pleas on Monday to delay sentences against protestors urging prosecutors to carry out verdicts without delay. Since protests began in Iran three months ago, Iran’s judiciary body has been one of the government’s most active branches in the suppression of the demonstrations.
https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2022/12/iran-judiciary-urges-swift-carrying-out-sentences
12. Activists from Rojhilat detained in Turkey at risk of deportation
18 December 2022 | ANF
Activists from Rojhilat are among 140 refugees detained in Turkey at risk of deportation. Human rights organizations have called for international solidarity against the risk of being killed if the activists are deported.
https://anfenglishmobile.com/human-rights/activists-from-rojhilat-detained-in-turkey-at-risk-of-deportation-64373
13. Ilam; Sonia Sharifi is the first child sentenced to “enmity against God” in the recent protests
15 December 2022 | Kurdpa
According to a source informed to Kurdpa, Sonia Sharifi, who was arrested by the security forces along with beatings during the protests on November 19, 2022 in Abdanan city of Ilam, was accused and sentenced in the Ilam Revolutionary Court for “enmity against God”.
https://kurdpa.net/en/news/ilam-sonia-sharifi-is-the-first-child-sentenced-to-enmity-against-god-in-the-recent-protests
14. Iran removed from UN women’s rights body after US push
14 December 2022 | Al-Monitor
Iran was ousted on Wednesday from a women’s rights agency at the United Nations following a successful US push to reprimand Tehran over its brutal treatment of women.
https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2022/12/iran-removed-un-womens-rights-body-after-us-push
15. Jailed Iranian director receives award from Vienna Film Festival
13 December 2022 | ANF
Iranian female director Magkan Elanlu was arrested and put in Qertesk Prison by the Iranian regime after her participation in mass anti-government protests that followed the murder of Mahsa Amini. As a documentary producer and photographer, Elanlu focuses on human rights issues in her works. She was now awarded the Special Human Rights Award at the Vienna Human Rights Film Festival.
https://anfenglishmobile.com/culture/jailed-iranian-director-receives-award-from-vienna-film-festival-64288
16. IRGC intelligence continues to detain five Yarsani activists in Kermanshah
13 December 2022 | KHRN
The Intelligence Organisation of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) continues to hold five Yarsani activists named Siavash Hayati, Seyyed Amin Abbasi, Kaki Farzad Almasi, Seyyed Soroush Abbasi and Seyyed Karam Abbasi in its detention centre in Kermanshah, western Iran.
IRGC intelligence continues to detain five Yarsani activists in Kermanshah
17. Iran carries out second execution over protests: Judiciary
12 December 2022 | Rudaw
Majidreza Rahnavard, 23, was publicly hanged less than a month after he was detained for allegedly stabbing two members of the security forces in Mashhad. At least 488 protesters have been killed and over 18,200 arrested since the protests began almost three months ago, according to US-based Human Rights Activists News Agency (HRANA).
https://www.rudaw.net/english/middleeast/iran/12122022
18. Outrage as Iran carries out first hanging over protests
08 December 2022 | K24
Iran carried out its first known execution Thursday over the protests that have shaken the regime since September, sparking an international outcry and warnings from rights groups that more hangings are imminent. Mohsen Shekari, 23, had been convicted and sentenced to death for blocking a street and wounding a paramilitary during the early phase of the protests, after a legal process denounced as a show trial by rights groups.
https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/story/30157-Outrage-as-Iran-carries-out-first-hanging-over-protests
19. 500+ Executions in 2022 in Iran; 4 Men Executed for “Collaborating with Israel”
04 December 2022 | IHR
According to information obtained by Iran Human Rights, four men were executed in Rajai Shahr Prison on December 4. Their identities have been established as Hossein Ordukhanzadeh, Shahin Imani Mahmoudabad, Milad Ashrafi Atbatan and Manouchehr Bejandi. They were sentenced to death for collaborating with Israeli intelligence services and kidnapping by the Revolutionary Court.
https://iranhr.net/en/articles/5617/
20. Iranian-Kurdish player transfers to Dalkurd
01 December 2022 | K24
Iranian Kurdish football player Fardin Rabet will be playing in the Sweden-based Kurdish soccer team, Dalkurd, from now, the athlete told Kurdistan 24. The 21-year-old player has moved from the Iranian Esteghlal football club to the Kurdish team.
https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/story/30092-Iranian-Kurdish-player-transfers-to-Dalkurd
21. Iran Human Rights Warns of Imminent Risk of Protester Executions/ At Least 3 Children Facing Death Penalty Charges
30 November 2022 | IHR
The Judiciary’s Mizan news agency today reported that three 17-year-olds were tried for charges of efsad-fil-arz (corruption on earth) in Karaj which carries the death penalty. Human rights defenders had warned of ten children being tried by the Karaj Revolutionary Court for death penalty charges. It is not clear which of the 15 names announced today were the children.
https://iranhr.net/en/articles/5609/
22. PUK President conveys concerns to Iranian Ambassador over recent IRGC bombings
28 November 2022 | Esta
PUK President received Iranian Ambassador Mohammad-Kazem Ale-Sadegh. In a meeting the officials discussed the latest political developments in the Iraqi political arena, stressing the success in the political process and offering service in various fields, said a press release.
https://esta.krd/en/209754/
OPINION, COMMENTARY, ANALYSIS
1. 2022 in review: Iran’s Khamenei faces unprecedented challenge with protests, economic woes
29 December 2022 | Al-Monitor
Iran’s protest movement has passed its 100th day on Sunday and is showing little signs of fizzling out. A new generation of bold youths disillusioned by the ruling theocracy and thirsty for a normal life is in the middle of a struggle that seems undeterred by crackdown, imprisonment and executions.
https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2022/12/2022-review-irans-khamenei-faces-unprecedented-challenge-protests-economic-woes
2. What’s behind Ahmadinejad’s awkward silence on Iran’s protests?
25 December 2022 | Al-Monitor
The majority of Iran’s popular political figures, celebrities and sports icons have criticized the state violence against the ongoing wave of protests… but others loyal to the government have firmly stood by their leaders. Former President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad’s silence since the beginning of the uprising on Sept. 16 is very curious…
https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2022/12/whats-behind-ahmadinejads-awkward-silence-irans-protests
3. Recommendations: Congress Can Play a Vital Role in Supporting the Protesters in Iran
21 December 2022 | CHRI
Since peaceful protests erupted across Iran in September 2022, the Islamic Republic has tried to crush them by killing hundreds of men and women, including dozens of children, arresting thousands, and executing protesters. Congress can play a vital role in supporting the basic rights and freedoms of the Iranian people, according to a new set of recommendations released today by the Center for Human Rights in Iran (CHRI).
https://iranhumanrights.org/wp-content/uploads/International-Action-Urgently-Needed-to-Stop-Carnage-in-Iran.pdf
4. HRW: Iranian forces used excessive and unlawful lethal force against protesters in Sanandaj
21 December 2022 | ANF
Iranian security forces used excessive and unlawful lethal force against protesters in Kurdistan’s capital, Sanandaj, in October and November 2022, Human Rights Watch said today. The newly created United Nations Fact-Finding Mission on Iran should investigate these grave abuses as part of its broader reporting on Iranian government human rights violations against largely peaceful protesters across the country.
https://anfenglishmobile.com/human-rights/hrw-iranian-forces-used-excessive-and-unlawful-lethal-force-against-protesters-in-sanandaj-64441
5. Iran: Death Sentences and Imprisonment Used to Crush Dissent in Film and Theatre Industries
20 December 2022 | CHRI
The sentencing of theater actor Hossein Mohammadi to death in Iran after a show trial, and the arbitrary detentions of more than 100 film and theatre industry workers including superstar Taraneh Alidoosti, mark the latest chapter of the Islamic Republic’s deadly crackdown on dissent three months into the anti-state protests that have rocked the nation.
Iran: Death Sentences and Imprisonment Used to Crush Dissent in Film and Theatre Industries
6. Sonja Karimi speaks at Emergency Parliamentary Meeting to discuss attacks on Kurds in Syria and Iran
15 December 2022 | ANF
Sonja Karimi is the Diplomatic Representative for KJAR (the Community of Free Women in Rojhelat). She has a degree in English Literature with a specialist in Colonialism and Gender Studies. Karimi spoke at the “Emergency Parliamentary Meeting” at the House of Commons in London to discuss attacks on Kurds in Syria and Iran on 7 December.
https://anfenglishmobile.com/women/sonja-karimi-speaks-at-emergency-parliamentary-meeting-to-discuss-attacks-on-kurds-in-syria-and-iran-64316
7. Joint Statement: ECOSOC Members must remove Iran from the Commission on the Status of Women
11 December 2022 | Kurdpa
In solidarity with Iranian women demanding their rights at the risk of their life and freedom, Impact Iran urges states to revoke the Islamic Republic of Iran’s membership of the UN Commission on the Status of Women (“CSW”).
https://kurdpa.net/en/news/joint-statement-ecosoc-members-must-remove-iran-from-the-commission-on-the-status-of-women
8. Family feuds among Iraq’s Kurdish leaders embolden Iran
09 December 2022 | Al-Monitor
With its aura of relative calm and Western-friendly vibes, Iraqi Kurdistan was for decades hailed as the other Iraq. Today, Iraqi Kurdistan is under assault. Since early this year, Iran has carried out a series of cross-border missile and drone attacks against the Kurdish region…
https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2022/12/family-feuds-among-iraqs-kurdish-leaders-embolden-iran
9. Women join protests in Iran’s conservative southeast
03 December 2022 | K24
Black-clad women in Iran’s Sistan-Baluchistan province on Friday joined nationwide protests sparked by Mahsa Amini’s death, in what a rights group called a “rare” move in the staunchly conservative region.
https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/story/30101-Women-join-protests-in-Iran%27s-conservative-southeast
10. Who are the Iranian-Kurdish rebels in northern Iraq?
01 December 2022 | K24
Iranian-Kurdish rebel groups have for decades sought refuge in northern Iraq’s autonomous Kurdistan region, but they have recently come under fresh fire amid weeks of protests in the neighbouring Islamic republic.
https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/story/30066-Who-are-the-Iranian-Kurdish-rebels-in-northern-Iraq
11. ‘It’s not over’: Iranian Kurds in Iraq in Tehran’s crosshairs
28 November 2022 | K24
The roof is caved in, a wall has exploded and broken glass litters the floor at a base of the exiled Kurdish-Iranian opposition in mountainous northern Iraq. “These are the regime’s missiles,” said Karim Farkhapour, a leader of the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (PDKI), with a revolver strapped to his traditional belt.
https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/story/30062-%27It%27s-not-over%27:-Iranian-Kurds-in-Iraq-in-Tehran%27s-crosshairs
REPORTS
1. Human Rights volations in Iranian Kurdistan in December 2022
31 December 2022 | Kurdpa
Kurdpa reports about more than 100 human rights violations in Rojhelat in December 2022.
https://kurdpa.net/en/news?Category=Human%20Rights
2. Hengaw Organization annual report on Human Rights Violations in Iranian Kurdistan – 2022
30 December 2022 | Hengaw
Based on the statistics registered in the Statistics and Documents Center of the Hengaw Organization for Human Rights, in 2022, at least 52 Kurdish citizens were executed and more than 2,212 people were arrested…
https://hengaw.net/en/news/2022/12/hengaw-organizations-yearly-report-on-human-rights-violations-in-iranian-kurdistan-2022
3. Exclusive report from Hengaw on the identification of 202 Kurdish women detained during the popular resistance
28 December 2022 | Hengaw
At least 202 Kurdish women were detained and abducted by Iranian government forces during the popular resistance in various cities of Kurdistan and Iran, 30 of them were under 18 and thus qualified as children under international human rights standards.
https://hengaw.net/en/news/2022/12/exclusive-report-from-hengaw-on-the-identification-of-201-kurdish-women-detained-during-the-popular-resistance
4. At Least 100 Protesters Facing Execution, Death Penalty Charges or Sentences; 476 Protesters Killed
27 December 2022 | IHR
According to information obtained by Iran Human Rights, at least 476 people including 64 children have been killed by security forces in the nationwide protests so far. Of the 64 children, nine were girls. They were all under 18 years of age, but have not all been verified through document evidence. Iran Human Rights is working to obtain confirmation of their ages.
https://iranhr.net/en/articles/5669/
5. ‘The murder of Kurds in Paris is not the problem of the Kurdish community alone’
27 December 2022 | ANF
It was a sad December 24 before the evening of food and presents. The assassination in the middle of Paris at the Kurdish cultural centre of three political activists, including the president of the Kurdish women of France, raised the heart with anger, disgust and sadness.
https://anfenglishmobile.com/news/the-murder-of-kurds-in-paris-is-not-the-problem-of-the-kurdish-community-alone-64570
6. Women killed by the Iranian regime commemorated in Berlin
22 December 2022 | ANF
A commemoration event was held in Germany’s capital Berlin for Kurdish woman Mahsa Amini who was tortured to death by the notorious Iranian ‘Morality Police’, and for those who lost their lives during the ongoing mass protests.
https://anfenglishmobile.com/women/women-killed-by-the-iranian-regime-commemorated-in-berlin-64455
7. Report: Targeted and Rare Crackdown of Human Rights Defenders in Iran Protests
22 December 2022 | IHR
This report shows that the Islamic Republic’s response to any human rights activism is violent crackdowns, and that the situation of human rights defenders has significantly deteriorated compared to last year. Many activists were unlawfully arrested “preemptively” at their homes and locations other than protests. Activists like Golrokh Irayi-Ebrahimi, Milad Fadayi, Saba Sherdoost and Majid Tavakoli.
https://iranhr.net/en/articles/5664/
8. An exclusive report by Hengaw about the abduction of 130 children in Kurdistan’s cities by authorities
05 December 2022 | Hengaw
Over 300 students from different Kurdistan cities have been kidnapped by government troops over the previous 80 days, according to records kept in the Hengaw Organization for Human Rights’ Statistics and Documents Center, although only 130 of them have been identified by the Hengaw so far.
https://hengaw.net/en/news/2022/12/an-exclusive-report-by-hengaw-about-the-abduction-of-130-children-in-kurdistans-cities-by-authorities
Peace in Kurdistan
Campaign for a political solution of the Kurdish Question
Email: estella@gn.apc.org
Contacts Estella Schmid: 07846 666 804 & Melanie Gingell: 07572 430903
Patrons: John Austin, Baroness Blower of Starch Green, former GS NUT, Prof Bill Bowring, Julie Christie, Noam Chomsky, Jeremy Corbyn MP, Maggie Cook, UNISON women activist; Prof Mary Davis, Lord Dholakia, Simon Dubbins, UNITE International Director, Jill Evans, former MEP, Desmond Fernandes, Lindsey German, Convenor STWC, Melanie Gingell, Christopher Gingell, Prof Dr. Michael Gunter, Secretary-General, EU Turkey Civic Commission (EUTCC), Rahila Gupta, journalist, Nick Hildyard, policy advisor, Dafydd Iwan, Former President Plaid Cymru, James Kelman, Bruce Kent, Jean Lambert, former MEP, Dr Les Levidow, Open University, Elfyn Llwyd, John McDonnell MP; Aonghas MacNeacail, Scottish Gaelic poet, Mike Mansfield QC, David Morgan, journalist, Doug Nicholls, General Secretary, GFTU, Dr. Jessica Ayesha Northey, Sinn Fein MLA Conor Murphy, Dr Thomas Jeffrey Miley, Kate Osamor MP, Margaret Owen OBE, Ali Gul Ozbek, Former Councillor and Mayor of Haringey; Gareth Peirce, Dr Felix Padel, Maxine Peake, actor, Dr Thomas Phillips, Liverpool John Moores University, Trevor Rayne, writer, Joe Ryan, Bert Schouwenburg, International Trade Union Adviser; Tony Simpson, Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation, Stephen Smellie, PIK Trade Union Liaison Officer, Jonathan Steele, journalist, Steve Sweeney, journalist, Gianni Tognoni, General Secretary Permanent People’s Tribunal, Dr Tove Skutnabb-Kangas, Dr Federico Venturini, Associate Researcher, University of Udine, Italy; Dr Tom Wakeford, Dr Derek Wall, Julie Ward, former MEP, Kariane Westrheim, Chair, EU Turkey Civic Commission (EUTCC); Hywel Williams MP.